Everything about Li-Fi

What is Li-Fi?

Light Fidelity or Li-Fi is a Visible Light Communications (VLC) system running wireless communications travelling at very high speeds.

Li-Fi uses common household LED (light emitting diodes) lightbulbs to enable data transfer, boasting speeds of up to 224 gigabits per second.

The term Li-Fi was coined by University of Edinburgh Professor Harald Haas during a TED Talk in 2011. Haas envisioned light bulbs that could act as wireless routers.

Subsequently, in 2012 after four years of research, Haas set up company pureLiFi with the aim 'to be the world leader in Visible Light Communications technology'.

How it works?

Li-Fi and Wi-Fi are quite similar as both transmit data electromagnetically. However, Wi-Fi uses radio waves while Li-Fi runs on visible light.

As we now know, Li-Fi is a Visible Light Communications (VLC) system. This means that it accommodates a photo-detector to receive light signals and a signal processing element to convert the data into 'stream-able' content.

An LED lightbulb is a semi-conductor light source meaning that the constant current of electricity supplied to an LED lightbulb can be dipped and dimmed, up and down at extremely high speeds, without being visible to the human eye.

For example, data is fed into an LED light bulb (with signal processing technology), it then sends data (embedded in its beam) at rapid speeds to the photo-detector (photodiode).

The tiny changes in the rapid dimming of LED bulbs is then converted by the 'receiver' into electrical signal.

The signal is then converted back into a binary data stream that we would recognise as web, video and audio applications that run on internet enables devices.

Li-Fi vs Wi-Fi

While some may think that Li-Fi with its 224 gigabits per second leaves Wi-Fi in the dust, Li-Fi's exclusive use of visible light could halt a mass uptake. 

Li-Fi signals cannot pass through walls, so in order to enjoy full connectivity, capable LED bulbs will need to be placed throughout the home. Not to mention, Li-Fi requires the lightbulb is on at all times to provide connectivity, meaning that the lights will need to be on during the day.

What's more, where there is a lack of lightbulbs, there is a lack of Li-Fi internet so Li-Fi does take a hit when it comes to public Wi-Fi networks.

In an announcement yesterday, an extension of standard Wi-Fi is coming and it's called Wi-Fi HaLow.

This new project claims to double the range of connectivity while using less power. Due to this, Wi-Fi HaLow is reportedly perfect for battery powered devices such as smartwatches, smartphones and lends itself to Internet of Things devices such as sensors and smart applications. 

But it's not all doom and gloom! Due to its impressive speeds, Li-Fi could make a huge impact on the internet of things too, with data transferred at much higher levels with even more devices able to connect to one another.

What's more, due to its shorter range, Li-Fi is more secure than Wi-Fi and it's reported that embedded light beams reflected off a surface could still achieve 70 megabits per second.

The future of Li-Fi

In November 2014, Li-Fi pioneers pureLiFi joined forces with French lighting company Lucibel aiming to bring out Li-Fi enables products, by the end of 2015.

pureLiFi already have two products on the market: Li-Flame Ceiling Unit to connect to an LED light fixture and Li-Flame Desktop Unit which connects to a device via USB, both aiming to provide light and connectivity in one device. 

Plus, with faster connectivity and data transmission it’s an interesting space for businesses. The integration of internet of things devices and Li-Fi will provide a wealth of opportunities for retailers and other businesses alike. For example, shop owners could transmit data to multiple customers' phones quickly, securely and remotely. 

Li-Fi is reportedly being tested in Dubai, by UAE-based telecommunications provider, du and Zero1. Du claims to have successfully provided internet, audio and video streaming over a Li-Fi connection.

What's more, reports suggest that Apple may build future iPhones with Li-Fi capabilities. A Twitter user found that within its iOS 9.1 code there were references to Li-Fi written as 'LiFiCapability' hinting that Apple may integrate Li-fi with iPhones in the future. 

Whether or not Li-Fi will live up to its hype is yet to be decided. Watch this space...

How to Hack Wifi Using Android with Terminal Emulator and WPS/WPA Tester

Requirements:

1. Android Phone/ Tablet. (Benefits Of Rooting Android Devices And How To Root Without Computer)
2. BusyBox Pro Installed Download from here .
3. WPS/WPA Tester Apk (Click To Download)
4. Terminal Emulator (Download from playstore)
5. Brain :p

• 
  

Follow These all steps carefully

1. First Install Busy box pro apk and Install it open busybox pro and wait for Supersu app popup grant permission to app by clicking on grant button. You will see like this see Image After that you see busybox is not installed message check below Image 2

Click On Grant button

Click on install button

2. Click below this text “will be installed to” and select the path where to install buysbox choose system/bin (! Important). Don’t install it on system/xbin.

3. Now click on install button and wait for seconds you will see popup It’s Look like buysbox is successfully installed close this and slide the tab if busybox is installed successfully you will see something like this check the image below.

Successful installed busybox

4. Great You Done Half process now install the both apps first WPA/WPS tester and then Terminal Emulator. Open WPS/WPA Tester and give grant access to app. Click on three dots and menu will appear and click on Check wpa_cli It show a popup wpa_cli commands not installed. click on Install experimental button and wait now again click on check wpa_cli it shows a tooltip text wpa_cli OK!

5. Great ! Now open Terminal Emulator and type su and hit enter give grant access to terminal emulator and close the application.

6. Open WPS/WPA tester app and click on green button in top it’s enable the wifi interface and then scan the wi-fi if WPS WIFI is available in your area then it’s shows with green lock button. click on wi-fi name it’s shows a popup with three pin available. Select always default pin then click on Verbose button it’s open the Terminal Emulator hold and press on the screen it’s will show you paste option. Paste the command (already copied just need to paste) and hit enter wait for sometime !

7. You auto connected to wifi . If you want to know password click on three dots go to password option and click on it. it’s shows the WI-FI password. Check the image below.

8. DONE.

 *Working Devices Xperia E1 (Single & Dual Sim), Galaxy S3 Neo (Stock Rooted not in CM 12/12.1), Moto G Series, YUPhoria and many more if you know tell in comments I’ll add in list.

Commonly Known Issues :

• Sometime default pin is not work in Terminal emulator it’s repeat the ssid=”” command or WPS-AP Available command. In this condition close the window of emulator go back to WPS Tester click on app and try with other pins It’s solved the problem.

• If WIFI automatically not connected then during running command you will see ssid=”Targeted wifi name”. If You see this go back to app click on show password scroll down you will see password tap on it and manually connect it by entering WIFI password.

• Sometime WIFI in settings show WPS avaible WIFI but app not show in this condition reboot the phone or get go to airplane mode in your phone for 5 sec. and then enable the wifi again through WPS tester app.

• If You fresh install busybox but it’s showing busybox installed in system/xbin then find busybox uninstaller.zip from xda (for every phone may be it’s different) . Flash zip file from recovery again install busybox and now install it to system/bin.

• Sometimes Terminal Emulator shows Unknown username or pid error and IFNAME=unknown command in this situation try above method if it’s showing again error then may be your kernel don’t support this wpa_cli commands (Mostly happen in Gionee P series mobiles , CM12/12.1 for Galaxy s3 Neo Rom)

CRACKING WIFI PASSWORDS THROUGH CMD

How to Hack WiFi Passwords Through CMD – Hello hackers this time we are going to tell you how you can hack wifi passwords through CMD. It is a simple and easy tutorial.

According to Wikipedia :

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) and Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2) are two security protocols and security certification programs developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance to secure wireless computer networks. The Alliance defined these in response to serious weaknesses researchers had found in the previous system, WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)

A flaw in a feature added to Wi-Fi, called Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), allows WPA and WPA2 security to be bypassed and effectively broken in many situations. Many access point they have a Wifi Protected Setup enabled by default (even after we hard reset the access point).

Requirements:

1. Wireless card (support promiscuous mode)

In this tutorial I use ALFA AWUS036H from Amazon.

2. Access point with WPA2 and WPS enables

5 STEPS WIFI HACKING – CRACKING WPA2 PASSWORD:

1. Open our terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) and type airmon-ng (view tips and tricks how to create keyboard shortcut on kali linux)

this command will lists our wireless card that attached with our system.

2. The next step we need to stop our wireless monitor mode by running airmon-ng stop wlan0

3. Now we ready to capture the wireless traffic around us. By running airodump-ng wlan0 our wireless interface will start capturing the data.

From the picture above, we can see many available access point with all the information. In the green box is our victim access point which is my own access point 

Information:

BSSID (Basic Service Set Identification): the MAC address of access point

PWR: Signal level reported by the card.

Beacons: Number of announcements packets sent by the AP

#Data: Number of captured data packets (if WEP, unique IV count), including data broadcast packets.

#/s: Number of data packets per second measure over the last 10 seconds.

CH: Channel number (taken from beacon packets).

MB: Maximum speed supported by the AP. If MB = 11, it’s 802.11b, if MB = 22 it’s 802.11b+ and higher rates are 802.11g.

ENC: Encryption algorithm in use.

CIPHER: The cipher detected. TKIP is typically used with WPA and CCMP is typically used with WPA2.

AUTH: The authentication protocol used.

ESSID: Shows the wireless network name. The so-called “SSID”, which can be empty if SSID hiding is activated.

4. From the step 3 above, we can find access point with encryption algorithm WPA2 and note the AP channel number. Now we will find out whether target AP has WPS enabled or not.

wash -i wlan0 -c 8 -C -s

if the WPS Locked status is No, then we ready to crack and move to step 5.

5. The last step is cracking the WPA2 password using reaver.

reaver -i <your_interface> -b <wi-fi victim MAC address> –fail-wait=360

Because we already get the information from step 3 above, so my command look like this:

reaver -i wlan0 -b E0:05:C5:5A:26:94 –fail-wait=360

it took about 5 hours to crack 19 characters WPA2 password (vishnuvalentino.com) from my Kali virtualBox, but it depend with our hardware and wireless card.

Conclusions:

1. WPA and WPA2 security implemented without using the Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) feature are unaffected by the security vulnerability.

2. To prevent this attack, just turn off our WPS/QSS feature on our access point. See picture below (I only have the Chinese version  )

How To Boost Your WiFi Signal